If you need to speak directly to the judge during the trial, you can use ‘Judge’ if you’re unsure what to call them. For example, “Yes, Judge”.

You can also ask the Witness Service supporter, or the CPS prosecutor or defence solicitor, what to call the judge before you give your evidence.

The judge will understand you are not a legal expert and may be nervous, so it’s okay if you address them incorrectly by mistake.